Mumps is a viral infection that primarily affects the parotid gland which is situated below and in front of ears .it may affect one or both parotid gland.
Causative agent:-
Mumps is caused by mumps virus.
Etiology :-
It is spread through when an infected person sneeze or cough then its droplets get suspended in the air and can enter the body of another person through eyes, nose, or mouth and sharing of food and drink can also spread mumps .
Incubation period :-
The incubation period is 2-3weeks.
Pathophysiology:-
Transmission of infection (by droplets/direct contact)
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Replication of the virus
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Spread to local lymphoid tissue
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Viremia
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Spread to the distant sites of body
Clinical manifestations:-
1. Swelling of parotid gland
2. Fever
3. Headache
4. Dry mouth
5.joint aches
6. Malaise
7. Ear pain while chewing
Complications of mumps:-
Complications of mumps may involve meningitis , orchitis (swelling of testicles)
And oophoritis (swelling of ovaries)
And in rare case neurologic damage , hearing loss, pancreatitis and may be death.
Diagnosis:-
1. Physical examination:- by examining of swollen parotid gland.
2. Blood cultures for virus identification.
Management:-
No specific management are available.
1. Hot and cold application at affected areas
2. Gargling with warm salt added water
3. Fluid therapy
4. Soft food for relief from pain during swallowing.
5. Avoid acidic foods
6. Avoid cold drink and other beverage
7. Antipyretic and pain relief medicine may be used
Prevention:-
1. Immunization with MMR
2. Cover your nose ,eyes and mouth while contacting with infected person.
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