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poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is highly contagious disease and mainly affects the nervous system after affecting nervous system it can result in permanent paralysis. Causative agent:- It is caused by the virus poliovirus. Etiology:- This virus is transmitted from person to person through fecal matter .it mainly affects the young child , pregnant women and person   with week immune system. This virus also spread through contaminated food or direct contact with infected person. Pathophysiology:- Virus enter in the body                          |                          |                          |                          |                          |       ...
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Parkinson Disease

Parkinson Disease is disorder of neurological movement which eventually leads to disability because of decreased level of dopamine . Pathophysiology:- Clinical manifestations:- Cardinal signs of Parkinson Disease are :- 1. Tremor 2. Rigidity 3. Bradykinesia 4. Postural instability 5. Uncontrolled sweating 6. Drooling  7. Paroxysmal flushing  8. Orthostatic hypothension 9. Gastric retention 10. Urinary retention 11. Constipation 12. Sexual dysfunction 13. Anxiety 14. Dysphagia 15. Dementia 16. Stress  Subtypes of Parkinson Disease:- 1. Tremor dominant  - symptoms are absent 2. Nontremor dominant - postural instability - rigidity - bradykinesia Diagnosis:- 1. Patient history  2. Presences of cardinal signs 3. Neurological examination 4. Diagnosis confirmed with postive response of levodopa ( artificial dopamine ) 5. Single Photon emission computer tomography  Management :- Treatment is to directed towards controlling of symptoms and maintenance of...
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Ventilation associated pneumonia

It occurs in people who received mechanical ventilation.it is subtype of hospital acquired pneumonia and also a nosocomial infection or healthcare associated infections (HAI). Etiology The endotracheal or tracheostomy tube allow free passage to bacteria for the lungs of individual suffering from lungs and immune disorders. Pathophysiology Poor oral care           |           |           |           |           | Accumulation of purulent secretions           |           |           |           |           | Imbalance between host immunity and microbial factors           |           |           |           |           | ...
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